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Thiruvananthapuram (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം), formerly known as Trivandrum, affectionately called by Keralites as Ananthapuri, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. It is located on the west coast of India near the extreme south of the mainland. Referred to by Mahatma Gandhi as the “Evergreen city of India”, the city is characterized by its undulating terrain of low coastal hills and busy commercial alleys.
Aşağıdakı kimi ad Thiruvanathapuram mənasını deyil :
Thiru (Müqəddəs) + Ananthan ( Bir Hindu Allah ) + Puram ( Ev ), Onun müqəddəsliyi Ananthan Ana səhifə deməkdir
Şəhər söz adını alır, Thiru-anantha-Puram, mənası “Lord Ananta və məskən”.[12] Adı şəhərin mərkəzində Hindu məbəd ilahiliyini irəli gəlir. Anantha olan ilan Shesha kimler haqqında Padmanabhan və ya Vishnu reclines. Anantha haqqında Vishnu uzanıqlı məbədi, Bu Şri Padmanabhaswamy məbəd şəhərin iconic mühüm olaraq qalır. The city was officially referred to as Trivandrum in English until 1991, when the government decided to reinstate the city’s original name Thiruvananthapuram in all languages.
With almost 745,000 inhabitants per the 2001 census, it is the largest and most populous city in Kerala; the wider urban agglomeration has a population of more than one million. Apart from being the IT hub of the state with over 80% of the state’s software exports,Thiruvananthapuram ranks first in the number of international tourists in Kerala also.
The city is the state capital and houses many central and state government offices, organizations and companies. Apart from being the political nerve centre of Kerala, it is also a major academic hub and is home to several educational institutions including the University of Kerala, and to many science and technology institutions, the most prominent being the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Technopark, the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) and the Indian Institute of Science, Education and Research (IISER). It is also considered as one of the cleanest cities in India.
The Capital City of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, is the southern most district of Kerala, sharing a close cultural relationship with the adjoining State of Tamil Nadu. Besides its administrative significance, the district was the former seat of the erstwhile royal family of Travancore, who ruled the province with the grace of Lord Padmanabha, the presiding deity at the Sri Padmanabha Swamy Temple. The present day Thiruvananthapuram has a melange of socio-cultural setup and is known to travelers for its enchanting beaches, picnic spots and sites of historic significance.
Geography
Thiruvananthapuram is built on seven hills by the sea shore and is located at 8°30′N 76°54′E / 8.5°N 76.9°E / 8.5; 76.9 on the west coast, near the southern tip of mainland India.The city situated on the west coast of India, and is bounded by Arabian Sea to its west and the Western Ghats to its east. The city spans an area of 141.74 km2 (54.73 sq mi) and the greater metropolitan area spans an area of 250 km2 (96.53 sq mi). The average elevation of the city is 16 ft (4.9 m) above sea level. The Geological Survey of India has identified Thiruvananthapuram as a moderately earthquake-prone urban centre and categorized the city in the Seismic III Zone.
Thiruvananthapuram lies on the shores of Karamana and Killi rivers. Thiruvallam and Veli backwaters lies in the city. The area can be divided into two geographical regions, the midlands and the lowlands. The midland region comprises low hills and valleys adjoining the Western Ghats. The lowland is a narrow stretch comprising shorelines, rivers and deltas, dotted with coconut palms.Vellayani Lake, the largest freshwater lake in the district, is in the suburbs of the city.
There are highlands, which form the eastern suburbs of the city. The highest point in the district is the Agasthyarkoodam which rises 1869 m dəniz səviyyəsindən. Ponmudi and Mukkunimala are hill-resorts near the city.
Iqlim
The city has a climate that borders between a tropical savanna climate and a tropical monsoon climate. As a result it does not experience distinct seasons. The mean maximum temperature 34 °C and the mean minimum temperature is 21 °C. The humidity is high and rises to about 90% during the monsoon season. Thiruvananthapuram is the first city along the path of the south-west monsoons and gets its first showers in early June. The city gets heavy rainfall of around 1700 mm per year. The city also gets rain from the receding north-east monsoons which hit the city by October. The dry season sets in by December. Dekabr, January and February are the coldest months while March, April and May are the hottest. The lowest temperature recorded during winter was 15 °C, and the highest temperature recorded in summer is 37 °C.
Transport
Within the city, city buses, taxis and autorickshaws provide means of transportation. Scooters, motorcycles and regular bicycles are the favored means of personal transportation.
The NH-47, which runs from Salem to Kanyakumari, passes through the city. It connects important southern cities such as Coimbatore and Salem in north direction and Nagercoil in south direction.[64] The Main Central Road (MC Road) which is the arterial State Highway in Kerala starts from NH-47 at Kesavadasapuram in the city. The intra-city public transport is dominated by the state-owned KSRTC (Kerala State Road Transport Corporation). There are also bus service operated by private operators and provides access within city limits and beyond. The city services of KSRTC operate from six depots namely, the City depot, Vikas Bhavan, Peroorkada, Pappanamcode, Kaniyapuram and Vellanad.
Var five railway stations within the city limits including the Thiruvananthapuram central station. Thiruvananthapuram Pettah, Kochuveli railway station and Veli Railway station are located towards north direction and Thiruvananthapuram Nemom is located south direction from the central station. The Central railway station is located at Thampanoor in the heart of the city, 8 km from the airport. It is the is the largest and busiest railway station in the state.
Thiruvananthapuram’s International Airport, with direct flights from the Middle East, Sinqapur, Maldiv, Malaysia and Sri Lanka is the gateway to the tourism-rich state of Kerala. It is considered as one of the best airport in the country and one of the major advantage of the airport is the flights can be operated on all weather conditions.The airport is approximately 3.7 kilometres (2.3 mi) due west from the city center. Apart from regular scheduled flights, many chartered flights from Europe like First Choice Airways from London Gatwick and Monarch, operating with big jets, land here during the peak tourist season (around December) with Kerala fast becoming a prime tourist destination in India.
Visit Places
The Zoological Park : One of the first zoos in India, it was established as early as 1859. A reptile house with different species of snakes and a vulture house are also located within the premises. Plastic is banned inside the park. Entrance fee:
Sree Chithra Enclave : Opened in 1993, this museum depicts the history of the Travancore Royal Family and displays their personal belongings and artifacts. Old newspaper footage and deeds describing events are also exhibited.
Priyadarshini Planetarium : Opened in 1994 to the public, this is one of the most versatile planetariums in the country. The main GM-11 star field projector here can project almost all the constituents of the visible universe. It can also simulate the star-studded night sky over any location on the earth, on any day up to 12,500 years back or 12,500 years into the future.
Chacha Nehru Children’s Museum : Children of all ages will enjoy the vast collection of nearly 2000 dolls, stamps and masks displayed here.
Shankhumugham BeachShankhumugham Beach : This place is a favourite haunt of sunset watchers. An indoor recreation club, the matsya kanyaka (a gigantic, 35 m long sculpture of a mermaid) and a restaurant shaped like a starfish are some of the attractions here. The Chacha Nehru Traffic Training Park here gives children the opportunity to learn the traffic rules.
Akkulam Tourist Village : Akkulam Tourist Village is situated almost 11 kilometers from the Thiruvananthapuram city which is located within the country of Kerala. Travel to Akkulam Tourist Village which is an attractive picnic spot destination of the region. Akkulam Tourist Village in Trivandrum is set along the banks of the Akkulam Lake which is a part of the Veli Lake.
Veli Tourist Village : VeliThis picnic spot, where the Veli Lake meets the Arabian Sea, offers boating facilities. Pedal boats and paddle boats can be hired to explore the charms of the lagoon in a leisurely manner. For a quick ride over the waters, speed boats are available for hire. Children can also enjoy climbing over the huge sculptures which dot the landscape.
Aruvikkara Dam : It is situated 16kms north of Thiruvananthapuram. It is gifted with lavish scenic beauty and this international renowned beach resort has been a favorite haunt for tourists since 1930′s. On the banks of the river, an ancient temple is situated which is dedicated to Durga.
Neyyar Dam : Located on the foot of the Western Ghats about 30 km from Thiruvananthapuram, it was established in 1958 and is a popular picnic spot. Lying against the southern low hills of the Western Ghats, Neyyar Dam has a beautiful lake.
Meshan Mani (Clock) : On the eastern side of Padmanabha Swamy Temple, installed in 1833 during the reign of Swathi Thirunal, is the Meshan Mani (clock). It has on its dial, a man’s face with two goats on either side. Crafted from mahogany by an artisan called Kulathooran, every time the clock completes an hour, the man opens his mouth and the goats hit his cheeks.
Sree Chithra Art Gallery : The Art Gallery features a unique collection of traditional and contemporary Indian art. It is one of the few art galleries in India, which boasts the finest exhibits of both ancient and modern schools of Indian art.
KCS Panicker Gallery : Nominated as one of the nine eminent artists of India, Kerala’s renowned painter Panicker, was born in 1911. He was instrumental in setting up the Progressive Painters Association in Madras from 1944 üçün 1953. An artist who set a new trend, the gallery traces his works over a period.
Natural History Museum : The Natural History Museum opened its doors to visitors’ way back in the year 1885. However the building in which it is presently housed was constructed only in 1964. It is a modern two storied building. One of the advantages of a visit to this museum is that it may be possible for you to visit two museums on a single trip.
Science and Technology Museum Complex : The museum houses galleries on electricity, electronics, güc & motion, mechanics, popular science, mathematics, solar energy as well as automobile, computer and biomedical engineering.
St. Joseph’s Cathedral, Palayam : This 137-year old grand monumental Gothic structure has a moderate beginning. The initial Church was constructed in 1873 as a Parish Church to look after the spiritual needs of a few Catholic military men and a few Catholic families who mainly migrated from the coastal region of erstwhile Travancore state, comprising of the present Kanyakumari and Trivandrum Districts.
Kerala Legislature Complex : Kerala Legislature Complex situated between Palayam and PMG Junction in Thiruvananthapuram is a beautiful blend of classical splendor and modernity. It is a new building where the legislative assembly of Kerala meets. The complex sports a towering dome, exquisitely carved galleries, ornate teak paneling and ceiling. It is provided with the most modern, state-of-the-art sound systems.
The Folklore Museum : The folklore museum is displayed in the Koickal palace and was established in 1992 . The museum contains an extensive collection of musical instruments of all types, implements used in day to day occupation, utensils models of various folk art etc. The museum aims to give a look into the ancient culture of the state.
The Numismatics Museum : The coins here belong to different parts of the world as well as to different eras. The rare and historically valuable collection of coins give an insight into the trade relations of the State. Among the exhibits is the most valuable Indian coin – the 2500-year-old Karsha and Rasi, as also the world’s smallest coins.
Sree Mahadeva Temple : Located on the eastern side of NH 47 at a distance of 18 km north of Trivandrum. The name of the temple seems to have emerged from the progenitor of the temple, Kalakkoth maharishi (sage). The temple is now being managed by the Travancore Devaswom Board.
Kallar : Kallar is small town in Thiruvananthapuram district in Kerala, Hindistan. Kallar is 45 km from Thiruvananthapuram, while the town of Ponmudi is a further 15 km away. The majestic Vamanapuram River flows through the town. Torrential rain can raise the level of the river and sweep away things that come in its way; recently, several dental college students of Trivandrum lost their lives in flash floods. Many varieties of birds and trees can be also be seen in and around Kallar.
Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary : The Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary constitutes the catchments of the Peppara Dam on the Karamana River near Thiruvananthapuram, Hindistan. The Peppara Dam was commissioned in 1983 to augment the drinking water supply to Thiruvananthapuram city and suburban areas.
Ponmudi : Ponmudi (Malayalam: പൊന്മുടി)(The Golden Peak) is a hillstation in the Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala in South India. Its located 61 km north-east of Trivandrum city at an altitude of 1100 m. It is a part of the Western Ghats mountain range that runs parallel to the Arabian Sea.
Agasthyakoodam : Agasthyakoodam is the second highest peak in Kerala, at a height of 1890mts above sea level and is a part of the Sahyadri range of mountains.It is 60 Kms North East of Trivandrum.The mountain is revered by both Buddhists and Hindus, as it is believed to be the abode of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara as well as of the sage Agastya, a disciple of Shiva.
Kappil Priyadarshini Boat Club And Beach : Kappil boat club is a recent venture in the back water tourism in the area. Kappil is 6kms north of Varkala. The people travelling in trains and buses through the area can enjoy the scenic beauty of the estuary in between Edava and Kappil . It is fascinating. Vettekkada, near Kappil and Varkala is a spectacular beach.
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